Probiotics: what they are and their benefits to the human body
Probiotics are live microorganisms, most often bacteria and yeasts, that have a positive effect on human health. They can help digest food and absorb nutrients, support the immune system and maintain the balance of intestinal microflora.
Types of Probiotics
The most common types of probiotics are:
• Lactobacillus: The most common bacteria, mostly found in the human small intestine. Also found in fermented dairy products such as yogurt and kefir.
• Bifidobacterium: Bifidobacteria, which are usually found on the walls of the large intestine, help protect against the spread of harmful bacteria and other pathogenic microorganisms, including yeasts. Found in some dairy products and food supplements.
• Saccharomyces boulardii: A type of yeast. This yeast fungus practically does not change in the human digestive tract, as it is resistant to the effects of stomach and bile acids, making it perfectly suitable for consumption.
Benefits of probiotics for the human body
1. Maintaining gut microflora balance: Probiotics can help restore and maintain healthy gut microflora by inhibiting the growth and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in the digestive tract (Frontiers).
2. Improving digestion: They can contribute to the normal functioning of the digestive tract, promote nutrient absorption, and help digest lactose (MDPI).
3. Strengthening the immune system: Probiotics can help improve gut and immune function, stimulate the production of antimicrobial substances, and strengthen the body's resistance to infections (Bioscience Reports).
4. Managing inflammatory bowel diseases: Studies show that probiotics can be beneficial in treating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (SpringerLink).
5. Alleviating allergies and skin conditions: Certain groups of probiotics can contribute to the reduction of skin diseases.
6. Lowering cholesterol levels: Probiotics can help reduce "bad" LDL cholesterol levels in the blood by breaking down bile in the intestine (MDPI).
And what are prebiotics?
Prebiotics are indigestible dietary fibers that become food for beneficial gut bacteria, known as probiotics. These fibers pass through the digestive tract undigested and reach the large intestine, where they are fermented by probiotic bacteria, promoting their growth and activity.
Types and sources of prebiotics
The most common types of prebiotics are fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, inulin, pectin, and lactulose. These substances are abundant in various foods:
• Fructooligosaccharides are found in asparagus, chicory, onions, garlic, bananas, wheat, etc.
• Inulin is found in Jerusalem artichokes, chicory, garlic, onions, artichokes, etc.
• Pectin is abundant in apples, citrus fruits, carrots, etc.
By consuming foods that are sources of prebiotics, you support gut health and promote the growth of probiotics.
Stay healthy!!!
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Probiotic use and safety
Probiotics are safe for most people, but their effects can vary depending on individual health status and the type of probiotics consumed. Before starting to take probiotics, especially if you have health conditions or are taking other medications, it is recommended to consult a doctor or pharmacist.
This article is not the author's personal opinion and is not intended to promote food supplements. It provides general information that is not related to the purchase or use of specific products. If you have health problems, are taking medication or other supplements, consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting new supplements. Health decisions should be made based on your individual condition and, if necessary, after consulting a healthcare professional. If you have any comments or questions about the content on this page, please contact us by email at studija@grasole.com.
References:
• Scientific evidence for health effects attributed to the consumption of probiotics and prebiotics: an update for current perspectives and future challenges. British Journal of Nutrition. (Cambridge University Press)
• Probiotics: mechanism of action, health benefits and their applications. Frontiers in Microbiology. (Frontiers)
• Nutritional and Health Potential of Probiotics: A Review. MDPI. (MDPI)
• Probiotics: friend or foe to the human immune system. Bulletin of the National Research Centre. (Bioscience Reports)
• Advances in probiotics research: mechanisms of action, health benefits, and future directions. Microbial Cell Factories. (SpringerLink)
